Properties of matter-
Properties of matter-
Each substance has unique properties, these are physical & chemical properties.
Physical properties can be measured without changing the composition of the compound, these are color, odor, melting point, boiling point, density, etc.
Chemical properties can be measured by a chemical change.
The SI system has seven base units.
The seven base quantities and their corresponding units are:
1 – Length ‘l’ meter (m)
2- Mass ‘m’ kilogram (kg)
3- Time ‘t’ second (s)
4- Electric current ‘I’ ampere (A)
5 – Thermodynamic temperature ‘T’ kelvin (K)
6 – Amount of substance ‘n’ mole (mol)
7 – Luminous intensity ‘Iv’ candela ( cd)
SELECTED PREFIXES USED IN ‘SI’ SYSTEM-
Derived units –
Mass & Weight-
Mass of a substance is the amount of matter present in it, the mass of a substance is constant & determined accurately by analytical balance.
Weight is the force exerted by gravity on an object. Due to changes in gravity, weight may vary from one place to another.
Volume-
Volume is the amount of space occupied by a substance. Its unit is m3 or cm3 or dm3, but the SI unit is m3.
Density-
The density of a substance is its amount of mass per unit volume.
density = mass / volume
Its unit is gm/ml but the SI unit of density is Kg/m3
Temperature-
Celsius to Fahrenheit Conversion Formula
°C = (°F − 32) x 5/9
Kelvin into Celsius conversion formula
C = K – 273.15
K = C + 273.15
Length-
SI unit: Meter (m)
1 kilometer = 1000 meter = 0.62137 mile
1 meter = 100 centimeter
1 centimeter = 10 millimeter
1 nanometer = 1.00 x 10-9 meter
1 picometer = 1.00 x 10-12 meter
1 inch = 2.54 centimeter
1 Ångstrom = 1.00 x 10-10 meter
Volume-
SI unit: Cubic meter (m3)
1 liter (L) = 1 x 10-3m3 = 1000 ml or cm3 = 1.0567 quarts
1 gallon = 4.00 quarts
1 gallon = 3.78541 litre
Mass-
SI unit: Kilogram (kg)
1 kilogram = 1000 grams
1 gram = 1000 milligrams
1 pound = 453.59237 gram = 16 ounces
1 ton = 2000 pounds
