VSEPR Theory-Applications part 1

VSEPR Theory

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VSEPR Theory [Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory] -Applications-

A) Shapes of molecules containing bond pairs only-

i) Shape of BeCl₂ molecule-

           Be – atom is surrounded by two bond pair of electrons . Geometry of BeCl₂ molecule is linear and bond angle is 180 0.

Other Ex.- BeF₂ , ZnCl₂ , HgCl₂

source : Slide Share

ii)  Shape of BCl₃ molecule-

               Valence shell of Boron has three valence electrons. So each electron of Boron form a bond pair with Cl – atom. Hence B- atom is surrounded by three bond pairs. Geometry of molecule is trigonal planar.

Other Ex.- BF₃ , AlCl₃

source : Study.com

iii)  Shape of CH₄ molecule-

Valence shell of Carbon  has four valence electrons. So each electron of Carbon-atom form a bond pair with H – atom. Hence C- atom is surrounded by four bond pairs. Geometry of molecule is tetrahedral and bond angle is 109028′.

Other Ex.- SiF₄ , CCl₄ , SiH₄, NH₄⁺

source : revolvy.com

iv)  Shape of PCl₅  molecule-

Phosphorus has five valence electrons . These five valence electrons are bonded by 5 Cl -atoms forming 5 bond pairs around the P – atom.So geometry is trigonal bipyramidal . In PCl₅ all the bond angles are not equal. The three bond pairs are in the same plane at an angle of 120⁰, while other two bond pairs are perpendicular to the plane, making an angle of 90⁰ with the plane.

Ex . – PF₅

source : Lumen Learning

v)  Shape of SF₆  molecule-

             Six valence electrons are present in central Sulphur atom . Each of these six forms bond with F – atom. Geometry of molecule is octahedral and all bond angles are same (90⁰).

source : Lumen Learning

vi)  Shape of  IF₇ molecule-

              Iodine  has seven  valence electrons . These seven  valence electrons are bonded by seven  F -atoms forming seven  bond pairs around the I – atom . So geometry is pentagonal bipyramidal . In  iodine hepta fluoride (IF₇₎ all the bond angles are not equal. The five bond pairs are in the same plane at an angle of 72⁰, while other two bond pairs are perpendicular to the plane, making an angle of 90⁰ with the plane.

source : wikipedia