Hybridization : sp3d3

Hybridization

source :Chemistry Stack Exchange

Sp³d³ hybridization :

        The mixing of one s, three p and  three d- atomic orbitals to form seven equivalent sp³d³ hybrid orbitals of equal energy. This hybridization is known as sp³d³ hybridization.

properties :

1. Seven sp³d³ hybrid orbitals are directed towards the corners  of a pentagonal bipyramid.
2. These are not equivalent hybrid orbitals because five of them are directed towards the corners of a regular pentagon while the remaining two are directed above and below the plane.
3. The geometry is pentagonal bipyramidal and bond angle is 72⁰ and 90⁰.

Example : formation of IF₇

In  IF₇ molecule the central atom is I.

₅₃I – 1s² ,2s²,2p⁶,3s²,3p⁶,4s²,3d¹⁰,4p⁶,5s²,4d¹⁰,5p⁵

          Seven  atomic orbitals (one s, three p and three d orbitals) hybridize to form seven sp³d³ hybrid orbitals. These are singly filled. These hybrid orbitals overlap with singly filled 2pz atomic orbitals of seven F-atoms to form seven I-F sigma bond. Geometry of IF₇ is pentagonal bipyramidal and bond angle is 72⁰ and 90⁰.

  source : www.adichemistry.com

Hybridization in Xenon fluorides :   

source : Slideshare

Geometry of XeF₂  is linear due to presence of three lone pair of electrons in sp³d hybrid orbitals . Geometry of XeF₄ is square planar due to presence of two  lone pair of electrons in sp³d² hybrid orbitals   &  XeF₆ is distorted octahedral because one lone pair of electron is present in sp³d³ hybrid orbital.